magna graecia sufficient velocity quests

These can lead to chronification and refractoriness of the headache symptomatology.ġ. Scientific evidence can come from large clinical studies observing close temporal relationships between the disorder and headache outcomes after treatment of the disorder, or from smaller studies using advanced scanning methods, blood tests or other paraclinical tests.Īs all secondary headache disorders can be associated with a wide range of underlying etiologies such as infection, anatomical abnormalities, trauma, and immunological disease or sleep disorders, it is possible that these underlying pathophysiological processes generate long-standing activation of nociceptive mechanisms involved in headache. Secondary headache can be definitely diagnosed only when solid evidence exists from published scientific studies that the disorder is capable of causing headache. Primary or secondary headache or both – clinically/scientifically spoken a dead end? These entities are a challenging diagnostic problem as can be primary or secondary and the etiologies for secondary cases differ depending on the headache type. In other words, since headache is very prevalent, it can occur simultaneously with another disorder with and without a causal relation. But, when a pre-existing headache with the characteristics of a primary headache disorder becomes chronic or is made significantly worse in close temporal relation to such trauma or injury, both the initial (primary) headache diagnosis and a diagnosis of “ Headache attributed to trauma or injury to the head and/or neck (or one of its types or subtypes)” should be given. However, it may be possible, that this headache phenomenologically appears to be a primary headache. For example, when a new headache occurs for the first time in close temporal relation to trauma or injury to the head and/or neck, it is coded as a “ secondary headache attributed to the trauma or injury”. S2 The secondary headaches: a cul de sac for the headache expert ? Christian Lampl Headache Medical Center, Seilerstätte, Ordensklinikum Linz Barmherzige Schwestern, AustriaĪccording to the new ICHD 3 diagnostic criteria a de novo headache occurring with another disorder recognized to be capable of causing it is always diagnosed as secondary. The KATP channel in migraine pathophysiology: a novel therapeutic target for migraine. Al-Karagholi MAM, Hansen JM, Severinsen J, Jansen-Olesen I, Ashina M. This abstract was not included as it has been previously published.

S1 KATP channels Mohammad Al-Mahdi Al-Karagholi Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark

Magna graecia sufficient velocity quests